Loratadine: what it does and how to use it safely

Got sniffles, itchy eyes, or hives and want something that won’t knock you out? Loratadine is a popular over-the-counter antihistamine that treats sneezing, runny nose, itchy eyes, and urticaria (hives) with minimal drowsiness for most people.

It blocks histamine, the chemical your body releases during an allergic reaction. That means less itching, less sneezing, and fewer red, watery eyes without the heavy sedation some older antihistamines cause.

Quick practical guide: dose and timing

For adults and kids 6 and up, the usual dose is 10 mg once daily. For kids 2–5 years there are lower-dose syrups or chewables — follow the package or your doctor’s instructions. Take it at the same time every day for steady control. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it’s almost time for the next one — don’t double up.

Loratadine can be taken with or without food. Effects usually start within 1–3 hours and last about 24 hours, so once-a-day dosing works well for most seasonal allergy cases.

Side effects, interactions, and who should be careful

Most people tolerate loratadine well. The most common side effects are mild: headache, dry mouth, or slight drowsiness in a minority of users. Serious reactions are rare but stop taking it and seek help if you notice trouble breathing, swelling, or severe rash.

It interacts with only a few medicines. Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you use strong antifungals, certain antibiotics, or drugs that affect liver enzymes — they can change loratadine levels. If you have liver or kidney disease, your provider may adjust the dose.

Pregnant or breastfeeding? Talk to your healthcare provider before using loratadine. Many providers prefer safer alternatives or specific timing during pregnancy, so get personalized advice.

Wondering how loratadine stacks up against others? Compared to cetirizine, loratadine is less likely to cause drowsiness for many users, but cetirizine can act faster and sometimes controls symptoms better. Fexofenadine is another non-drowsy option that’s similar in effect. Try one for a few days to see which works best for you, or ask your pharmacist for a quick comparison.

Need immediate relief for a bad flare? Short-term use of intranasal steroids (like fluticasone) or an oral decongestant can help, but decongestants aren’t for long-term use and can raise blood pressure. If loratadine doesn’t control your symptoms, talk to your doctor about stepping up treatment.

Finally, if symptoms are severe, sudden, or affect breathing, get emergency care. For everyday hay fever and hives, loratadine is a solid, low-sedation choice that fits into most routines. Ask a pharmacist if you’re unsure which product or dose is right for you.