Eating disorder — clear signs, real risks, and what to do next

Eating disorders are more than food issues. They change how you think, feel, and live every day. If you or someone you care about is stuck in cycles of extreme dieting, bingeing, or purging, this page gives straightforward steps to spot the problem and start getting help.

Spot the signs fast

Different disorders look different, but these signs are common: major weight loss or gain, strict rules about eating, hiding food, secretive trips to the bathroom after meals, extreme worry about body shape, or eating huge amounts with a feeling you can’t stop. Physical clues include dizzy spells, fainting, irregular periods, dental erosion, heart palpitations, or feeling cold all the time. Mood changes—withdrawal, irritability, anxiety, or low mood—often show up too.

If someone is losing weight and still thinks they’re “too fat,” that can point to anorexia. Frequent bingeing followed by vomiting or laxative use is a common pattern in bulimia. Eating large amounts in one sitting with shame but no purging is usually binge-eating disorder. These are labels that help with treatment—what matters is getting the right support.

Practical steps to get help today

1) Talk to a medical provider. Start with a GP or urgent clinic if you notice physical warning signs like fainting, chest pain, severe dehydration, or very low weight. Eating disorders can cause dangerous electrolyte problems and heart issues.

2) Ask for a full assessment. A good team includes a doctor, a therapist experienced in eating disorders, and a registered dietitian. They’ll check your physical health, eating patterns, and mental health to build a safe plan.

3) Therapy works. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) helps change eating-related thoughts and behaviors. Family-Based Therapy (FBT) is effective for teens. Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) can help when emotion regulation is a big problem. Medication can help in some cases—fluoxetine is commonly used for bulimia, and some drugs help binge-eating—but only under a doctor’s care.

4) Practical daily tips: aim for regular meals and snacks, avoid strict dieting rules, keep caffeine and heavy exercise in check if you’re underweight, and set up a small support team—a friend, family member, or support group who checks in regularly.

5) Know when to seek urgent care: fainting, fainting spells, chest pain, passing out after vomiting, or if you can’t keep fluids down—get emergency help.

Recovery is often slow and has ups and downs. That’s normal. Small steps—getting a medical check, talking with someone, and starting the right therapy—move things forward fast. If you need immediate help, contact your local emergency number or a crisis line and ask to be connected to eating disorder services. You don’t have to handle this alone.