Acne treatments: what works and how to pick the right one

Acne can be frustrating, but you don't have to guess which products might help. Start by matching treatment strength to how bad your acne is: mild blemishes respond well to over-the-counter options, while moderate to severe acne often needs prescription care. Expect to give any plan 6–12 weeks before judging results—skin needs time to reset.

Quick options you can start today

For mild acne try benzoyl peroxide or salicylic acid. Benzoyl peroxide kills acne bacteria and reduces inflammation; use 2.5%–5% to limit irritation. Salicylic acid clears pores and helps prevent new blackheads. Rotate use to avoid over-drying: benzoyl peroxide in the morning, salicylic acid in the evening, or alternate nights.

Topical retinoids (adapalene is OTC) speed cell turnover so pores stay clear. Start with a pea-sized amount at night twice a week and build up to nightly use. If your skin gets red or flaky, slow the buildup rather than stopping completely.

Spot treatments like sulfur or lower-strength benzoyl peroxide work on individual pimples. For redness and swelling, a short course of a doctor-prescribed antibiotic or topical anti-inflammatory can help.

Prescription and medical options

If OTC products don't help, ask a healthcare provider about prescription options. Topical retinoids plus a benzoyl peroxide product or topical antibiotics are common next steps. For moderate to severe acne, oral antibiotics, hormonal treatments (like combined birth control or spironolactone for people with hormonal acne), or isotretinoin may be recommended. These drugs work well but can have side effects—your provider will explain risks and monitoring needs.

Isotretinoin can clear stubborn acne but requires careful medical supervision, pregnancy prevention, and regular check-ins. Hormonal therapies often help adult female-pattern acne and are a good alternative to long-term antibiotics.

Combine treatments thoughtfully. A retinoid plus benzoyl peroxide addresses both clogged pores and bacteria. Avoid layering too many active products at once—irritation can make acne worse. Use gentle, non-comedogenic cleansers and a lightweight moisturizer to support your skin barrier.

Small lifestyle changes help too: sleep, balanced diet, and not picking spots reduce inflammation and scarring. If you wear makeup, choose non-comedogenic formulas and remove makeup before bed. Sunscreen is essential when using retinoids or other light-sensitizing products.

Finally, watch for warning signs: rapidly worsening cysts, severe scarring, or treatments that cause severe irritation or unexpected symptoms. In those cases get medical help quickly. With the right plan and patience, most people see clear improvement within a few months—stick with one consistent routine and check back with your provider if progress stalls.